Huawei NE40E Universal Service Router is a high-end router. Huawei NE40E is positioned as the edge or convergence router on the IP backbone network. The NE40E series routers, including Huawei NE40E-X16, Huawei NE40E-X8 and Huawei NE40E-X3, are suitable for networks of different scales. Huawei NE40E-X3/X8/X16 product architecture includes the following:
Physical Architecture
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The physical architecture includes the following systems:
- Power distribution system
- Functional host system
- Heat dissipation system
- Network management system
All systems except the network management system (NMS) are located in an integrated cabinet. The power distribution system consists of power modules working in n+n backup mode.
The functional host system comprises the system backplane,/Main Processing Units (MPUs), Line Processing Units (LPUs), Switch and Fabric Units (SFUs). It is connected to the NMS through NMS interfaces. The functional host system processes data as well as monitors and manages the entire system, including the power distribution system and heat dissipation system.
Logical Architecture
The logical architecture of the NE40E consists of the following planes:
- Data plane
- Control and management plane
- Monitoring plane
The data plane is responsible for high speed processing and non-blocking switching of data packets. It encapsulates or decapsulates packets, forwards IPv4/IPv6/MPLS packets, performs QoS as well as scheduling and internal high-speed switching, and collects statistics.
The control and management plane completes all control and management functions for the system and is the core of the entire system. Control and management units provide control system status. They process, maintain, manage and provide reporting for protocols and signals.
The monitoring plane monitors the ambient environment to ensure secure and stable operation of the system. It detects voltage levels, controls system power-on and-off, monitors temperature, and controls fan modules. When a unit fails, the monitoring plane isolates the faulty unit promptly so that other parts of the system can continue to run normally.
Software Architecture
Software of the NE40E consists of the Routing Process System (RPS), power monitoring system, fan monitoring system, Forwarding Support Unit (FSU), and Express Forwarding Unit (EFU).
The RPS, which includes IPOS software, VRP software, and product-adaptation software, is the control and management module that runs on the MPU. The RPS on the active MPU and the one on the standby MPU back up each other. RPSs support IPv4/IPv6, MPLS, LDP, and routing protocols, calculate routes, establish LSPs and multicast distribution trees, generate unicast, multicast, and MPLS forwarding tables, and they deliver information concerning all the preceding mentioned to the LPU.
Data Forwarding Process
The Packet Forwarding Engine (PFE) adopts a Network Processor (NP) or an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) to implement high-speed packet routing. External memory types include Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), and Net Search Engine (NSE). The SRAM stores forwarding entries; the DRAM stores packets; the NSE performs searching routing table.
Data forwarding processes can be divided into upstream and downstream processes based on the direction of the data flow.
- Upstream process: The Physical Interface Card (PIC) encapsulates packets to frames and then sends them to the PFE. On the PFE of the inbound interface, the system decapsulates the frames and identifies the packet types. It then classifies traffic according to the QoS configurations on the inbound interface. After traffic classification, the system searches the Forwarding Information Base (FIB) for the outbound interfaces and next hops of packets to be forwarded. To forward an IPv4 unicast packet, for instance, the system searches the FIB for the outbound interface and next hop according to the destination IP address of the packet. Finally, the system sends the packets containing information about outbound interfaces and next hops to the traffic management (TM) module.
- Downstream process: Information about packet types that have been identified in the upstream process and about the outbound interfaces is encapsulated through the link layer protocol and the packets are stored in corresponding queues for transmission. If an IPv4 packet whose outbound interface is an Ethernet interface, the system needs to obtain the MAC address of the next hop. Outgoing traffic is then classified according to the QoS configurations on the outbound interfaces. Finally, the system encapsulates the packets with new Layer 2 headers on the outbound interfaces and sends them to the PIC.
More related topics
The introduction of NetEngine40E series universal service router
Huawei NE Series Routers Overview
The product characteristic of NE40E
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Brochure_Datasheet
Enterprise NE40E Universal Service Router Product Brochure v1.2(20180731).pdf
WAN Interconnection for Large Enterprises Solution (NE Routers).pdf
All-IP Universal Bearer Solution for Power Grids (NE Routers).pdf
All-IP Universal Bearer Solution for Railways (NE Routers).pdf
IPv6 Migration Solution for WAN (NE Router).pdf
IAP Metro Solution (NE Series).pdf
NE40E Series Universal Service Routers Data Sheet.pdf
NE40E Series Switch Fabric Units.pdf
NE40E Series Service Processing Units.pdf
NE40E Series Main Processing Units Data Sheet.pdf
NE40E Series 50G Flexible Card Line Processing Units Data Sheet.pdf
NE40E Series 50G & 20G Integrated Line Processing Units Data Sheet.pdf
NE40E Series 480G Integrated Line Processing Units Data Sheet.pdf
NE40E Series 480G Flexible Card Line Processing Units Data Sheet.pdf
NE40E Series 240G Integrated Line Processing Units Data Sheet.pdf
NE40E Series 240G Flexible Card Line Processing Units Data Sheet.pdf
NE40E Series 200G Integrated Line Processing Units Data Sheet.pdf
NE40E Series 200G Flexible Card Line Processing Units Data Sheet.pdf
NE40E Series 120G Integrated Line Processing Units Data Sheet.pdf
NE40E Series 120G Flexible Card Line Processing Units Data Sheet.pdf
NE40E Standard Reference (V800R008C10).pdf
Product_Solution Description
NE40E-M2 Hardware Description.pdf
NE40E Hardware Description.pdf
Specification List
Ne40e-x8a Manual
NE40E V800R010C10 Specifications List for Channel(20181116).xls
Technical White Paper
Ne40e-x3 Manual
Huawei Ne40e Manual
Media Fabric Solution White Paper.pdf